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2008/11/28 世界との集団的調和**
※- "A circle of harmony"
－Message from the Prime Minister Taro Aso－ Following last week's Summit on Financial Markets and the World Economy in Washington, DC, I attended the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Economic Leaders' Meeting, held in the South American nation of Peru. The main purpose of this year's meeting was to share the results of the Summit in Washington, DC, with the Asia-Pacific nations so as to help deal with the financial crisis, and in this we were successful. In addition, I proposed that Japan and the World Bank jointly establish a fund to support local banks in Asia and Latin America and that the trade insurance system be strengthened in order to make trade more secure. For the most part, these proposals were reflected in the Leaders' Statement, constituting a major result for both Japan and the world. On the trading front, it is important to prevent the spread of protectionism all around the world and to promote liberalization globally. This is one of the lessons learned from the Great Depression that began in 1929. We were also able to send a strong message calling for a reaching of the framework agreement within this year at the Doha Round of negotiations of the World Trade Organization (WTO). As a result, each country will "take all necessary economic and financial measures to resolve this crisis" in a coordinated manner. Japan is more than willing to fulfill its responsibility to the international community by fully implementing the expressed proposals and getting the Japanese economy back on the growth track. Next year will be the 110th anniversary of Japanese people's immigration to Peru. At present, between 90,000 and 100,000 people of Japanese descent are living in Peru, and approximately 60,000 Peruvians are working in Japan. These people are a bridge between Japan and Peru, and are making great contributions to the societies of the respective countries. I noticed during my meeting with President of Peru Alan Garcia Perez that he was wearing a blue ribbon badge -- a symbol of the people's wish for the resolution of the abductions issue. I was greatly encouraged by his words: "Freedom has no borders. I wish for the earliest possible return of the abductees." The APEC countries of Asia and the Pacific Rim are joining hands to achieve a common goal beyond the bounds of history and geographical distance. I have realized that this spectacular circle around the Pacific Ocean will lead to a harmony that will be a foundation for the future of the planet. I firmly believe that great diplomatic results will definitely have a positive impact on the Japanese economy. Immediately after I arrived back home, the Government and the ruling parties made a decision about the policy on a second supplementary budget. The budget comprises three parts; namely, a budget that underpins the implementation of Measures to Counter Difficulties in People's Daily Lives, a budget readied for the enactment of the Law to Strengthen Financial Functions, and measures to respond to the decline in tax revenues in FY2008. These three will be decided on together sometime around December 20. I believe that presenting the second supplementary budget to the people as a set of three parts is a clear way to gain their understanding. In addition to the second supplementary budget, some items in the Measures to Counter Difficulties in People's Daily Lives require tax system amendments and others will be incorporated in the FY2009 budget. These should be decided on as soon as possible. Thankfully, the measures included in the first supplementary budget have been implemented successfully. I believe that small and medium-sized companies, many of which are borrowers, will not face major cash-flow problems in December and January. In December, I will make the utmost efforts to pass the tax system amendments and to formulate the FY2009 budget. We will convene the regular Diet session in early January, despite this being unusual, and will proceed with deliberations on the second supplementary budget. *-* 2008/11/26 補助人工心臓の７４歳女性退院**
※- 補助人工心臓の７４歳女性退院 －web site－
重症の心臓病で、体内埋め込み型の補助人工心臓を装着した高齢女性が２６日、歩行できるまで回復し、入院先の大阪大病院で記者会見した。
補助人工心臓を移植までのつなぎではなく、永久使用目的で装着するのは国内初。心臓移植の適応外の患者の在宅治療などに道を開く医療として注目される。
退院するのは、奈良県の主婦南元子さん（７４）。
昨年７月に心筋梗塞(こうそく)の後遺症で、血液が逆流して心不全を起こすなど重い虚血性心筋症になった。
ほとんどベッドに寝たきりの状態だった。
国内の心臓移植の適応基準は６０歳未満とされているため、南さんは国内で治験中の補助人工心臓（ジャービック２０００）の装着を決めた。
今年８月、スクリューが回転して血液の流れを補強する親指大のポンプ式の人工心臓を左心室に埋め込む手術を受けた。
現在は、５００メートルほど歩けるまで回復した。
記者会見した南さんは「半分死んだ状態から助けてもらい世の中が開けた感じで、希望が出てきた。退院したら演奏会や演劇にも行きたい」と喜びを語った。
補助人工心臓を装着すれば機能回復可能な患者は日本でも年間１０００人程度いると推定される。
澤芳樹教授（心臓血管外科）は「移植だけに頼らない治療が世界的に必要とされている。ほとんど治療法のなかった高齢患者に新しい可能性が期待できる」と話している。
補助人工心臓は、装着することで心臓の負担が軽くなり、心機能そのものが回復する場合もある。
南さんが装着した人工心臓を埋め込んだ例は欧州を中心に数百例ある
*-*
2008/11/24 インスリン：マウスの肝臓利用で３倍**
※- インスリン：マウスの肝臓を利用して３倍
肥満時に肝臓で作られるたんぱく質の働きを利用し、血糖値を下げるインスリンの分泌細胞を膵臓（すいぞう）で増殖させることに、東北大学の片桐秀樹教授（代謝学）らのチームがマウス実験で成功した。
糖尿病の新たな治療法につながる成果と期待される。
２１日付の米科学誌サイエンスに掲載された。
インスリンは膵臓のベータ細胞から分泌される。
チームは、肥満になるとベータ細胞が増えることに注目。
肥満時に肝臓で作られるたんぱく質を増やす遺伝子を正常なマウスに導入したところ、膵臓でベータ細胞が急増した。
糖尿病を発症させたマウスでもベータ細胞が増殖。
導入しない糖尿病マウスに比べ、インスリン分泌量が約３倍になった。
また、肝臓から脳、膵臓へとつながる神経を切断して同じ実験をするとベータ細胞は増えなかった。
チームは、肝臓が肥満状態を感知するとこのたんぱく質が作られ、信号が脳を経由して膵臓に伝わり、ベータ細胞を増殖させると考えている。
片桐教授は「臓器間の神経ネットワークを使うことによって、ベータ細胞を増殖できた。将来、インスリン注射や移植が不要
になるかもしれない」と話す
*-* 2008年11月23日 －web news－
2008/11/21 喫煙と子供の動脈損傷**
※- 妊娠の喫煙、子供の動脈損傷する可能性
妊娠中の喫煙により子どもの動脈に損傷が生じる確率が高まり、心臓発作や卒中になりやすくする可能性があると、オランダの研究者らが１９日発表した。
妊娠中の喫煙についてはこれまでにも、出生時の低体重など幾つかの健康リスクが研究で確認されている。
専門誌「Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology」に発表された研究は、オランダの若年層７３２人（平均年齢２８歳）を対象に実施。
うち２９％は母親が妊娠中に喫煙していた。
超音波検査で頚動脈の内壁の厚みを測ったところ、喫煙者から生まれた人は３％厚かった。
動脈の内壁が厚いのは動脈硬化につながる兆候と指摘されている
*-*
日本のリーダーシップ**
※- "Japan's leadership"
- Message from the Prime Minister Taro Aso - Last weekend, I attended the Summit on Financial Markets and the World Economy for the leaders of 20 nations, including both developed countries and emerging ones such as India and China. Expectations for Japan stem from its experience in single-handedly recovering from the collapse of the bubble economy. There are also expectations for Japan in view of the role that the world's second largest economy can perform. Immediately after my speech, leaders including Prime Minister of India Manmohan Singh and Prime Minister of the United Kingdom Gordon Brown told me that they thought it was a good speech with a great deal of concrete content. Although the summit was brief, limited to just two days, many of the concrete proposals Japan made based on its experience, including proposals on the importance of the injection of public funds, were reflected in the subsequent summit declaration. Problems like the current crisis, including moral hazard issues, cannot be averted through reliance on US-style market fundamentalism. Conversely, if we were only to strengthen regulations, as in Europe, the economy would not be so free. The middle course may be the right one. In discussions on financial regulation and supervision, too, Japan's proposals garnered the support of leaders of various countries. It is the economies of emerging nations, such as India, that are growing significantly. The global economic pie as a whole will not get bigger unless these economies are supported. To this end, Japan announced that it is prepared to lend a maximum of 100 billion dollars to the International Monetary Fund (IMF). This demonstration of leadership by Japan was evaluated highly by Managing Director of the IMF Dominique Strauss-Kahn. In a special statement on Japan, he said that the country had made "a major contribution to maintaining the stability of financial and capital markets." We are now facing a so-called once-in-a-century financial crisis. A crisis, though, presents opportunities for the future. History shows us that a new order arises when a crisis is overcome. At the summit, we were able to agree on specific actions that nations need to take in concert. It goes without saying that taking these actions is of the utmost importance. It was a historic summit at which the world took, at the very least, its first major strides toward overcoming the crisis. The day after I returned home, I received a sudden request for a meeting from President of the Democratic Party of Japan (DPJ) Ichiro Ozawa. During the meeting, he stated that a second supplementary budget should be submitted to the current Diet session. If not, the DPJ would not allow a vote to take place in the House of Councillors on measures such as the bill to extend the new Anti-Terrorism Special Measures Law. The purpose of the bill is to enable Japan to play a part in the international community's fight against terrorism through the continuation of its replenishment support activities in the Indian Ocean. It has absolutely nothing to do with the second supplementary budget. Politics that turns its back on the decision-making process will not lead to any progress. The DPJ still avoids party leaders' debates. If the DPJ does put the people first, instead of political point-scoring, it should engage in the Diet discussion openly and squarely, and join hands with us in making decisions that are in the interests of the people. *-* 2008/11/20 ＨＩＶ新規感染者が過去最多**
※- ＨＩＶ新規感染者が過去最多
感染・患者累計、初めて１万５０００人超す 厚生労働省のエイズ動向委員会は１９日、 今年７月～９月に新たに報告された国内のエイズウイルス（ＨＩＶ）感染者数は２９４人で、４半期ベースで過去最多を更新したと発表した。 今期で、昭和６０年の報告開始以降、初めて感染者・患者数が１万５０００人（薬害患者除く）を突破した。 新規のエイズ患者数は１１９人で、過去２番目に多かった。 委員長の岩本愛吉東大医科学研究所教授は感染者の過去最多について、 「男性の同性間性的接触で感染が局在的に広がっていることが影響しているのでは」と述べた上で 「患者数は頭打ち傾向になっているが、エイズ発症前に病院で検査を受けてほしい」と話した。 感染者は過去最多だった報告より１７人多い２９４人。 そのうち、男性は２８２人（９６％）と大半を占める。 感染経路別では同性間性的接触が２１１人と最多で、ほとんどが男性だった。 次いで異性間性的接触が５４人となった。 年齢別では３０代が１１６人と最も多く、２０代が８３人と続いたが、４０代以上の増加が目立った。 エイズ患者１１９人のうち、男性は１０４人で約９割を占め、感染経路別では同性間性的接触が４４人と最も多かった。 一方、調査報告開始以降のＨＩＶ感染者とエイズ患者数の合計は１万５０３７人となった *-* 2008/11/17 がん治療法に期待 - 東北大**
※- がん治療法に期待 - 東北大
特定タンパク質発見
東北大大学院医学系研究科の五十嵐和彦教授（生化学）らのグループは１６日、
特定のタンパク質が、がん抑制遺伝子に結び付き、がん化を防ぐ働きを阻害することを発見したと発表した。
グループは「がんの進行を遅らせる治療法の開発にもつながる」としている。
細胞は分裂を繰り返して増殖するが、一定の回数に達すると増殖が止まり、「細胞老化」を起こす。
細胞老化には、がん抑制遺伝子の「ｐ５３」が関与。
ｐ５３は無制限に増殖を続けるがん細胞の老化を促し、がん化を防ぐ働きを持つ。
五十嵐教授らは、細胞の分化などにかかわるタンパク質「バック１」を欠損させたマウスの細胞を試験管で増殖させ、通常のマウスの細胞と比較。細胞の老化の状態を調べた。
通常のマウスにもｐ５３が働き、２０日ほどで細胞の増殖は止まったが、バック１が欠損したマウスはｐ５３の活性化が早く、半分の１０日で細胞老化を起こした。
グループはタンパク質の解析などでバック１がｐ５３と結合して細胞の老化を抑制することを発見。
バック１の活性度が高いとｐ５３の働きが阻害され、がん化を促進するとみられる。
ｐ５３の働きを調節するタンパク質が確認されたのは初めてという。
五十嵐教授は「ｐ５３に変異のないがんの場合、バック１を調節することで、がん化を防ぐことができる可能性がある」と話している。
研究成果は１６日の米学術誌電子版で発表した
*-*
2008/11/15 インフルエンザ・早くも猛威**
※- インフルエンザ・早くも猛威
２００８年１１月１５日、大阪府内で、インフルエンザが例年より２カ月も早く猛威をふるっている。
すでに学級閉鎖が相次ぎ、国立感染症研究所感染症情報センターによると、府内の患者数は今月２日現在、全国総数の４割を超える２１４人。
台風が今季一度も本州に上陸せず、空気が乾燥していることが原因との指摘もあるが、なぜ大阪だけ際立って多いのかは謎のままだ。
今後、大阪での流行が周辺に広まる可能性もあり、専門家は警戒を呼びかけている。
堺市立東百舌鳥小学校では１０月７、８、１０日に３年の１クラスを学級閉鎖した。 児童３９人中２２人が欠席し、うち１０人がインフルエンザと診断。
河合延明教頭は「９月末から風邪での欠席者はいたが、まさか学級閉鎖とは。
インフルエンザの流行時期は冬とばかり思っていた。こんなに早いのは３０年間の教師生活でも初めて」と首をかしげる。
大阪府教委などによると、府内では同校を皮切りに、豊中▽池田▽高石▽泉大津▽東大阪▽藤井寺▽岸和田－の８市で計１４小学校と１幼稚園が相次いで学級閉鎖となった。 インフルエンザは例年１２月ごろから流行し、１～２月にピークを迎えるが、府内では今年、例年より２カ月程度早く学級閉鎖が始まっている。
インフルエンザの流行には、空気の乾燥により鼻やのどなどの粘膜が弱ることが関係するとみられている。 このため専門家の間では、今季の流行の早まりは、台風上陸がなく秋口でも乾燥していたためという見方もある。
大阪管区気象台によると、府内の９～１０月の降水量は平年を３～４割下回ったうえ、９月末に最低気温が平年を下回る日が続いたという。
今年の大阪のように、過去には北海道や九州でも早期に流行したケースがあった。 ただ、国立感染研の安井良則主任研究官は「局地的に流行するケースが大半だが、今年の大阪の場合は比較的広範囲で、持続的な傾向もある。
大都会で人口も多いため、このまま近畿地方に波及する可能性もある」と話す。
厚生労働省情報管理係は、全国的な傾向として「１２月の第２週には流行入りするのではないか」と予測。 全国の医師約４００人とインフルエンザの流行情報を集計し、インターネットで公表している。
滋賀県守山市の開業医、西藤成雄さんは「ワクチンを接種したり、完治するまで人の多い場所には行かないなど、インフルエンザでは初期の対策が特に重要になる」と注意を呼びかけている
*-*
食料品は国産品指向89％**
※- 食料品・「外国産より国産品を購入」が８９％
１１月１５日、内閣府は「食料・農業・農村の役割に関する世論調査」の結果を発表した。 食料品を購入する際に国産品と外国産のどちらを選ぶかという質問に対し、国産品との回答が同様の質問をした００年調査比７．１ポイント増の８９．０％に上った。
国産品を選択する理由（複数回答）は「安全性」が最も多い９割弱に達しており、中国製冷凍ギョーザによる中毒事件などを受け、輸入食品への不安が大きくなっていることがうかがえた。 「とくにこだわらない」は１０．１％（００年調査比６．４ポイント減）、輸入品は０．５％（同０．１ポイント増）だった。 調査は全国の成人男女５０００人を対象に個別面接方式で９月に実施、３１４４人から回答を得た。 回収率６２．９％。同種の調査は８７年に始め、今回が７回目となる。
将来の食料輸入に関する質問では、９３．４％が「不安がある」と回答。 理由（複数回答）は「国際情勢の変化で輸入が減ったり止まる可能性がある」が５５．８％で最も多く、国際的な穀物や原油の高騰が国内の食品の値上げにはねかえった最近の事情を反映した結果となった
*-*
視察で実感する**
※- Getting out and about to take stock of realities
- Message from the Prime Minister Taro Aso - On Saturday of last week, I visited the shopping district in Kameari, in Tokyo. I am sure that for some people the name Kameari, even if they have never actually been there, will call to mind the manga "Kochira Katsushika-ku Kameari Koen Mae Hashutsujo" ("This is the Police Box in Front of Kameari Park, Katsushika Ward.") The Kameari shopkeepers are unfazed by a shopping mall that recently opened nearby; instead, they are using their ingenuity to vitalize the shopping district by capitalizing on the popularity of the main character of the manga, Ryo-san. Indeed, their attitudes were extremely positive and their enthusiasm unbridled. Three bronze statues of Ryo-san have been erected in three different locations in the shopping district. The statues are just the right height for children to be able to shake hands with them without having to look up to meet their gaze. The effect of all this is that people wishing to take souvenir snapshots will gravitate toward the shopping district. That is the whole point. If people enter the shopping district in a steady stream, then their purse strings are likely to become a bit looser. At any rate, it will rejuvenate the district -- it strikes me as a very good idea. "We would still have a tough time even if we competed with megastores over prices," said one young person, who had taken over his parents' store. "We want to create a flow of people coming in so that we can coexist with the megastores." I was encouraged by the wisdom of his words, in which I sensed a measure of strength. The shopping district is the center of the local community; a vigorous shopping district will breathe life into the community. I am convinced that the Government must actively support ideas that encourage people to visit shopping districts, which will give the districts a new lease on life. The following day I visited Nakaminato in Ibaraki Prefecture. A member of the local fishery cooperative gave me his frank opinion of the Government's measures for fuel oil, pointing out that though a system is in place, the red tape is so complicated that it does not end up being user-friendly. Only by getting out and discovering for myself what is happening can I get an accurate picture of the realities of the world. To conduct proper politics, one needs to draw on more information than that which comes to you indirectly via politicians in Nagata-cho and bureaucrats in Kasumigaseki. That is what I believe. I will continue to energetically get out and about to see what is happening and to breathe the same air as everyone else. I will place my trust in the sentiment I gauge when I am out and about, which will guide me in the task of politics. This evening I am leaving for Washington, DC, in the United States. The upcoming financial summit has but a single agenda item: how to address a once-in-a-century financial crisis. The leaders of 20 countries, including both developed nations and emerging ones such as India and China, will discuss policies to deal with the crisis. Japan has the experience of having overcome a major financial crisis. This experience having given me a firm grounding, and taking into account the views of other Asian countries, I intend to demonstrate strong leadership. *-* 2008/11/7 国民生活対策：難題を打ち返す手段**
※- "Measures to Counter Difficulties in People's Daily Lives"
- Message from the Prime Minister Taro Aso - The Government has decided on a package of economic countermeasures to assist the Japanese people -- Measures to Counter Difficulties in People's Daily Lives.
The purpose of these measures is to remove the fears among ordinary people concerning their daily lives -- that is, to ensure the "security of the Japanese people in their daily lives" in the midst of the global financial crisis. What is important is to act with speed, focusing on selected areas of emphasis, with no pork-barrel handouts. These measures are ones of unprecedented boldness. First, we will provide stipends as an emergency measure to support households. The total scale will be around two trillion yen; a four-person household would receive around 60,000 yen. We will arrange for these stipends to be dispensed as soon as possible. Employment insurance fees will be reduced. We must increase the net income receipts of working people. We will assist the efforts of businesses to employ older "freeters" (irregular and part-time or casual employees), known as the "lost generation," as regular employees. The maximum level of lending and credits for micro-, small and medium-sized companies, for which nine trillion yen was allocated in the supplementary budget, will be raised to 30 trillion yen. This is to make their cash flow more secure as we head toward the end of the calendar year. Highway tolls will be reduced substantially so as to enable the latent potential of the regions to be fulfilled. On weekends and holidays, tolls will be 1,000 yen or less, regardless of the distance traveled. On weekdays too, daytime tolls will be reduced by 30%. In addition, in the event of the reallocation of the tax revenues earmarked for road projects to general purposes, one trillion yen will be made available for the regions to use with discretion. We will implement these measures as soon as possible, in sequence. Deficit-financing bonds shall not be issued for these economic countermeasures. However, Japan's government finances continue to run a substantial deficit, and yet in the years to come, our social security costs will also increase. I am sure that the people of Japan feel significant unease regarding this situation. I will summarize and present to the Japanese public by the end of 2008 a Mid-term Program on Government Finances -- that is, future principles concerning government revenues and expenditures. The basic idea of this program is as follows. During the period of economic recovery, taxes shall be reduced for a limited duration. The top priority is to revive business activity. After the economic situation has improved, fundamental reform of the tax system, including the consumption tax, shall be launched, so as to ensure social security that enables peace of mind. Specifically, I should like to ask for an increase of the consumption tax after three years, with a basic premise being eliminating government waste and after taking into account the economic situation at that time. It is simply impossible to continue having a low level of burden-sharing while enjoying social welfare of a mid-level. Tax increases are unpleasant for everyone. However, we must not accumulate substantial debt for our children to repay. I consider this to be a political responsibility. The global economy is being buffeted by a once-in-a-century storm, but this is no reason for us to feel daunted. And neither should we merely choose to lie low till the typhoon passes. Countries around the world are now set to take coordinated actions and to proceed with their own measures to the maximum extent possible in the face of this difficult situation. These require deft handling at the helm of government. Japan, too, will take on these challenges by mobilizing the full powers of the Government. *-* 2008/11/5 Barack Obama,勝利**
※- Barack Obama - It won. －web news－
Barack Obama, a 47-year-old first-term senator from Illinois,
shattered more than 200 years of history Tuesday night by winning election as the first African-American president of the United States.
A crowd of 125,000 people jammed Grant Park in Chicago, where Obama addressed the nation for the first time as its president-elect at midnight ET.
Hundreds of thousands more — Mayor Richard Daley said he would not be surprised if a million Chicagoans jammed the streets — watched on a large television screen outside the park.
“If there is anyone out there who doubts that America is a place where anything is possible,
who still wonders if the dream of our founders is alive in our time,
who still questions the power of our democracy, tonight is your answer,”
Obama declared.
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アメリカ大統領選・オバマ氏勝利**
※- アメリカ大統領選挙・オバマ氏が勝利宣言
２００８年１１月 ４日、アメリカ大統領選の投票が東部地区から始まり順次全米各州で行われた。
即日開票の結果、米国の「 Change ＝ 変化 」を掲げた民主党のバラク・オバマ上院議員が当選を決めた。
共和党政権のジョン・マケイン上院議員は敗北宣言してオバマ氏へ、おめでとうのメッセージを送った。
米国史上、初のアフリカ系（黒人）の大統領が誕生する事になる。
副大統領には、オバマ氏が選挙戦を共に戦い、既に指名している民主党のジョセフ・バイデン上院議員が就任すると思われる。
11月 ４日の深夜、地元シカゴで１０万人近くの観衆を前にオバマ氏が演説した。 「米国民は今夜、我々は一つの合衆国なのだというメッセージを世界に発した。変化が米国に訪れた。この勝利はあなた方のものだ」と観衆に勝利宣言した！！ *-* ２００８年１１月 ５日 ”風の道草”
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